Erzurum (Turkey) Explored: 24 Must-See landmarks and archaeological sites to Add to Your Bucket List
Join us on a journey to uncover Erzurum (Turkey) ‘s best-kept secrets with our list of 24 landmarks and archaeological sites. Whether you’re looking to explore 24 amazing landmarks and archaeological sites or discover the most famous and best 24 landmarks and archaeological sites in Erzurum (Turkey) , we’ve got you covered. Let’s explore Erzurum (Turkey) with our ultimate guide to 24 of the best landmarks and archaeological sites, or uncover Erzurum (Turkey) ‘s hidden landmarks and archaeological sites with 24 must-visit places. Get inspired and start planning your next adventure with our comprehensive list of the best destinations in Erzurum (Turkey) .
Information about Erzurum (Turkey)
Erzurum is one of the Turkish cities located in the eastern part of the country, at an altitude of 6,400 feet above sea level, in a fertile plain surrounded by high mountains. Erzurum has been a major commercial and military center since ancient times and is now a major railway station on the route between Ankara and Iran. The city of Erzurum is distinguished by its amazing nature, in which plains, plateaus, mountain heights, water pools, and beaches abound, which makes it an important tourist site and a favorite for nature lovers. In addition to the distinctive natural composition of the city, it is home to many important archaeological and historical spots. A trip to this picturesque city is like a journey into the fragrant history and its precious treasures.
A list of the best Landmarks and archaeological sites in Erzurum
We’ve carefully curated a list of the top 24 landmarks and archaeological sites in Erzurum (Turkey) , based on visitor ratings and reviews. Whether you’re a local or a visitor, our guide will help you plan the perfect outing. Our team has scoured the city to find the best landmarks and archaeological sites, from museums to restaurants to gardens. Let us be your guide to Erzurum (Turkey) ‘s landmarks and archaeological sites scene and experience the sights and flavors that make it unique. Don’t waste your time searching for the best spots – we’ve done the work for you. Trust our expertise to make the most of your time in Erzurum (Turkey) .
1- Erzurum Great Mosque
Erzurum Great Mosque – Erzurum Grand Mosque, this elegant and unique mosque in the city, was built in 1179 AD, by the Emir of Erzurum. It was characterized by a majestic style of architecture, with seven lanes extending from north to south and six others from east to west, leading to a forest of columns and pointed arches. Once you enter here, you will be amazed by the grandeur and precision of the architecture, and the hanging chandeliers are another tale of beauty. Do not miss visiting this greatness, and get the most beautiful memorial photos of it!
Place address: Camiikebir Mh., 25200 Yakutiye/Erzurum, Turkey
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2- Mecidiye Bastion
Mecidiye Bastion – Rumeli Majidiye Fort is one of the largest modern defensive measures of the Ottomans, which was built by Asaf Pasha in 1892 AD. The fort was distinguished by its fortified architectural composition, which was designed to confront the enemy’s invasion, and to launch campaigns and strike from a high place. Today, the stronghold includes traces of weapons, tanks, catapults, pistols, and complex military weapons, which were manufactured by the army at that time, and remain immortal to this day, witnessing an ancient history.
Place address: 17900 Kilidülbahir/Eceabat/Çanakkale, Turkey
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3- Abdurrahman Gazi Tomb
Abdurrahman Gazi Tomb – The tomb of Abd al-Rahman Ghazi is located in the historical city of Erzurum, and it is one of the sacred monuments in it, where Abdurrahman Ghazi was a warrior of Ertuğrul, and a delegation distinguished by his courage and willingness to battle valiantly, and he also had a military career with Osman I He was one of the first leaders of the Ottoman Empire, along with the likes of Turgut Alp, and was the conqueror of the Byzantine fortress of Aydos. This monument was erected in honor of this great personality, who became an example of courage.
Place address: Abdurrahman Gazi, 25080 Palandöken/Erzurum, Turkey
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4- Taş Mosque
Taş Mosque – Tash Mosque is located in the Tortum district of Erzurum. The building, also known as the Church of the Virgin Mary, was built by Bagrati the Third King, which was converted into a mosque in the 19th century, and named Tash Mosque. And the building was formed by combining the closed Greek cross with the basilica plan, and in the inscriptions inside the building, figures such as the lion, bull, eagle and griffin were given a wide place, and also inside the walls of the place, especially the apse, were decorated with frescoes depicting Jesus and Mary, including Scenes from the Bible.
Place address: Emirşeyh Mh., 25100 Yakutiye/Erzurum, Turkey
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5- Kursunlu Mosque
Kursunlu Mosque – The Kursunlu Mosque is located on the northwestern edge of the inner citadel of the city of Erzurum. It was built in 1701 AD. It later acquired this name, Korsunlu, because its dome was covered with lead. As for its outer structure, which was built of stone cut in a square plan, it is covered with a dome. It rests on eight rollers, and the portico of the mosque consists of four stone columns and three domes. The wooden pulpit of the building, whose mihrab is made of stone and muqarnas, is one of the most beautiful examples of Turkish carpentry.
Place address: Mirza Mehmet Mh., 25200 Yakutiye/Erzurum, Turkey
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6- Erzurum Caferiye Mosque
Erzurum Caferiye Mosque – Erzurum Cafaria Mosque is located on Republic Street, and it was built in 1645 AD by Hacı Cafer, to be the first mosque in that region. Its three hidden domes were revealed under a slanted roof supported by four columns, open from the front and sides. The interior of the mosque, covered with a single dome resting on pendentives at the corners, is mirrored from the outside by an octagonal pulley with three stages. Today, the mosque is one of the most important religious monuments in the city of Erzurum.
Place address: Caferiye Mh., 25200 Yakutiye/Erzurum, Turkey
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7- Narmanli Mosque
Narmanli Mosque – The Narmanlı Mosque is located in the Tabriz-Kapi district of the city of Erzurum, east of the Double Minaret School. The mosque was built by Narmanlı Hacı Yusuf in 1738 AD, according to the four-line inscription on the door. The mosque has five large domes in the middle and small ones on the sides. In addition, the presence of a large congregational place in which Haji Yusuf prayed, and the fact that it has a dome of larger diameter compared to other single-domed mosques in the city, increases the importance of the mosque.
Place address: Vaniefendi Mh., Merkez Yönetim Cd, 25030 Yakutiye/Erzurum, Turkey
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8- Tomb of Cimcime Hatun
Tomb of Cimcime Hatun – The tomb of Cemcem Hatun is located on Cumhuriyet Street near the Ulu Mosque in Erzurum. The tomb, which is believed to belong to a woman named Firuz, dates back to the fourteenth century. The mausoleum was characterized by a distinctive building style, as it is a dome body with a round base in perfect harmony with the rest of the building, and the outer structure was covered with arches consisting of circular tube molds. Today, the shrine is one of the most important tourist destinations for history and culture lovers.
Place address: Camiikebir Mh., 25200 Yakutiye/Erzurum, Turkey
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9- Murat Pasha Mosque
Murat Pasha Mosque – Murad Pasha Mosque, which gave its name to the neighborhood and the street in which it is located, was built in 1573 AD as an architectural masterpiece that deviated from the familiar architecture system. Round brackets. Today, the mosque is described as one of the most important tourist destinations for tourists from all over the world, due to its sanctity and religious and architectural importance.
Place address: Atalar, Muratpaşa Cd. No:8, 25100 Yakutiye/Erzurum, Turkey
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10- Yakutia Madrasa
Yakutia Madrasa – The Yakutia School is one of the many schools that characterize the city of Erzurum, which was built in the year 1310 AD by Prince Haji Jamal al-Din Yaqout, during the reign of Ilhanli, the ruler of Olcaytu State. This school is the largest among the schools with a closed courtyard, iwan and portico in Anatolia, and it is one of the few examples that have preserved its existence until today, with its unique decorations and inscriptions, which is visited by thousands of tourists, both local and foreign, every year.
Place address: Lalapaşa, 25200 Yakutiye/Erzurum, Turkey
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11- Double Minaret Madrasa
Double Minaret Madrasa – The double minaret madrasa is a historic Seljuk work that today is a symbol of Erzurum, and it is generally assumed that it was built at the end of the 13th century, when it was called the Hatuni Madrasa, with the belief that it may have been built by Hint Hatun, daughter of the Seljuk sultan Ala Religion (Aladdin). The madrasa, which has an area of about 1,610 square meters, is the most important example of a group of two-storey madrasahs, which includes four iwans and an open courtyard, surrounded by porticoes on all four sides. Remarkable on the depth and aesthetic understanding of Seljuk stone ornamentation, mainly herbal elements were used for decoration.
Place address: Rabia Ana, Merkez, Cumhuriyet Cd., 25030 Yakutiye/Erzurum, Turkey
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12- Lala Mustafa Pasha Mosque
Lala Mustafa Pasha Mosque – Lala Pasha Mosque is the first mosque built in Erzurum during the Ottoman period, which was a model for other Ottoman mosques built here. The mosque was built on the orders of Kanuni Sultan Süleyman in 1562 AD, when he was the ruler of Erzurum. The mosque was distinguished by a similar design to Istanbul mosques such as the Sultan Ahmed Mosque and the Eminonu Yeni and Yeni Fatih Mosques, but on a much smaller scale than them, where the central dome bears four columns in the middle, the semi-crusader vaults supported by pointed arches on four sides, and a central plan cover consisting of four Small domes in the corners, wall inscriptions and distinctive Islamic decorations that suggest prestige and reverence.
Place address: Lala Mustafapaşa Camii, Liman Yolu Sk, 99450 Avcılar/İstanbul, Turkey
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13- Georgian Gate Ali Ağa Mosque
Georgian Gate Ali Ağa Mosque – The Ali Agha Georgian Gate Mosque was built in 1608 AD by Zakarishi Ali Ağa, one of the leaders of the Janissaries who served in Erzurum, and the mosque is also known as the Ali Agha Mosque. There is a small inscription documenting the date of the repair of the building, which was damaged in the earthquake of 1859 AD, on the pointed arched base of the door. The mosque is characterized by a different architectural composition. The portico in front of the mosque is covered with three domes supported by four columns. These domes are hidden from the outside by a conical roof. A central dome rests on corner bends in the corners of the building, which contains a place of worship that is square in structure. As for lighting, the mosque is illuminated from the inside. Made of soft stone, it has six windows at the bottom and four windows at the top.
Place address: Topçu Oğlu, Cami Sk. No:3, 25040 Yakutiye/Erzurum, Turkey
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14- Narman Fairy Chimneys
Narman Fairy Chimneys – The Narman Fairy Chimneys draw attention with their red color and interesting rocky ground formations. These chimneys, also known as the Red Fairy Chimneys, are located in the south of Narman district in the city of Erzurum. in the eastern Anatolia region. The valley, where the fairy chimneys are located, draws attention with its similarity to the Colorado Canyon in America, and is one of the most important tourist attractions in the city, where many festivals are organized in the summer months in order to protect the fairy chimneys of Narman and include them in tourism in the country, and the interest of tourists is increasing. locals and foreigners to the region with each passing year.
Place address: Yoldere, 25534 Narman/Erzurum, Turkey
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15- TepsiMinare
TepsiMinare – The Minaret of Tebessa is a clock tower located in the city of Erzurum. It was built first as a tower and later the clock was added, after which it became one of the most important monuments in the city. The basis of this work, which is believed to be entirely built on the minaret style in terms of architecture, consists of stone material cut in three colors, and its cylindrical structure continues, made of bricks that narrow from bottom to top is also an indication of this basic style, and this opens the door of the minaret On the inner castle, it is made of a flat sash and has a pointed arch arch. Perhaps one of the most distinctive features of the Tebessa Tower is its stunning view of the city and its environs in a majestic and distinctive view.
Place address: Camiikebir, Kırklar Sk. No:10, 25030, 25030 Yakutiye/Erzurum, Turkey
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16- Erzurum Castle
Erzurum Castle – Six kilometers from modern Erzurum, the Byzantine castle of Erzurum, which dates back to the 5th century, is one of the few examples of fortified castles with tall towers, lighthouses, and watch rooms. It is famous for its clock tower, which was built in the 12th century by a well-known ruler of the Saltuklu dynasty. It is also worth visiting inside the castle building, the four gates that bear many inscriptions and decorations dating back to the Middle Ages, which attest to its importance as a major fortress along the Silk Road.
Place address: Camiikebir Mh., 25200 Yakutiye/Erzurum, Turkey
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17- Aziziye Bastion
Aziziye Bastion – Al-Azizia Fortress is the name of the stronghold that was established to keep the road to Kars open during the years of the Ottoman-Russian war, where Sultan Abdülaziz built the Al-Azizia Fortress, consisting of three separate strongholds, and witnessed wars and victories written in history. The fortress located on the top of the mountain, 10 kilometers northeast of Erzurum, is a sign of great heroism and reminds us of the great courage of an Ottoman woman, who fought valiantly and stood before the Armenian soldiers to protect the children of the city in that bloody war, specifically on the territory of this great fortress.
Place address: Kurtuluş, Karskapı Cd., 25200 Yakutiye/Erzurum, Turkey
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18- Three cupolas
Three cupolas – The shrine of the three domes is considered among the most beautiful examples of mausoleums in Anatolia. It is a stone building consisting of three huge domes, decorated and engraved with the most beautiful geometric motifs. It is believed that the largest of the three domes belongs to Prince Saltuk, and it was built at the end of the century XII, while it is not known to whom the other domes belong, which are estimated to have been built in the fourteenth century, and there are differing opinions as to what the small square building next to the domes, which is often thought to be a mosque, should be.
Place address: Sultanmelik Mh, 25100 Yakutiye/Erzurum, Turkey
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19- Taşhan
Taşhan – Tashan is one of the most beautiful inns in Turkey, as well as one of the largest in Anatolia. It is an Ottoman work built between (1626-1632) AD, consisting of two floors with a rectangular design and an open courtyard. Today, Tashan includes various shops that offer all the necessities that belong to individuals and families, such as clothes and accessories, in addition to a special section for gifts and souvenirs that are handcrafted. .
Place address: Rabia Ana, Ayazpaşa Cd. No:31, 25030 Yakutiye/Erzurum, Turkey
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20- Historical Erzurum Houses
Historical Erzurum Houses – The architecture of Erzurum houses is classified as a traditional building type completely dependent on climate, which is the product of the city’s rich geography, historical and cultural environment, especially the life, climate and building materials that influenced the design of the houses. These houses have a special architecture, the house consists of two floors, the ground floor is the main living area, and on the first floor there is an open winter room of Tannour house where the women live and cook in an open and sunny place.
Place address: İbrahim Paşa Mh., Yüzbaşı Reşit Bey Sokak, 25200 Yakutiye/Erzurum, Turkey
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21- Öşvank Church
Öşvank Church – The Oshvank Church is located in the Uzundar region of the city of Erzurum, and it is famous for its colored stone decorations and prominent figures. According to the inscription on the entrance front of the Oshvank Church, it was built between the years (963-973 AD), during the era of the Georgian dynasty, when the wall paintings were made, which It can be seen in abundance inside the church, in the year 1036 AD. The church is characterized by a huge dome with twelve windows, and the outer surfaces of the windows are limited by prominent moldings, and these windows, with pointed and slender arches, reflect the Gothic style.
Place address: Liman, Atatürk Blv. No:6, 07130 Konyaaltı/Uzundere/Antalya, Turkey
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22- Fortress of Oltisi
Fortress of Oltisi – Oltu Castle, located in the center of the city of Erzurum, specifically in the Oltu region, was built in the fourth century BC, and it was used as a caravan station for a period of time during the Ottoman era, as it extended over an area of 3000 square meters. The castle, made of cut stone, was restored. During the Byzantine, Seljuk and Ottoman periods. The castle was distinguished by the style of construction that was followed in it, with high fortified walls specially designed to repel enemy strikes, and inside, towers, bastions, and trenches spread, in addition to a small church and a temple.
Place address: Şehitler, Kale Cd. No:43, 25400 Oltu/Erzurum, Turkey
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23- Ispir Castle
Ispir Castle – Ispir Castle, located in the Ispir region, is believed to have been built in the 12th century by the Ilkhanate who ruled this region. Since there is no inscription in the castle to this day, no clear information can be obtained about the date of construction. Ispir Castle was restored in the sixteenth century during the reign of the Ottoman Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent, and while the foundation of the castle was made of stones collected from the Koruh River, cut stones were used in the construction of the upper walls, and the minaret of the mosque was also in the castle. It served as a watchtower for the castle.
Place address: Yukarı, 25900 İspir/Erzurum, Turkey
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24- Oltu Church
Oltu Church – Olto Russian Church is located in the east of the city of Erzurum in the center of Oltu district. It is known that the building was built by the Russians between (1885-1890) after the Ottoman-Russian war, after which this church became one of the distinctive monuments in the city. The Russian church consists of rectangular spaces located on either side of the central dome, supported by rectangular columns. In the middle of the western facade, there are ornate circular arched entrance doors slightly projecting. With these doorways, the apse is raised in the east and the outline of the cross is more visible on the upper cover.
Place address: Yusuf Ziyabey, 25400 Oltu/Erzurum, Turkey
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Conclusion
As you embark on your journey to explore Erzurum (Turkey) , we hope you discover new perspectives, make unforgettable memories, and form deep connections with the people and places around you. Our guide is just the beginning of your adventure, so be sure to keep an open mind and heart as you explore this wonderful region. Remember to take in the sights, sounds, and flavors that make Erzurum (Turkey) so unique, and don’t be afraid to step off the beaten path and discover the hidden gems that await. Whether you’re traveling solo, with friends or family, or on a romantic getaway, Erzurum (Turkey) promises to be a destination that will leave you enchanted and inspired. Thank you for choosing to explore Erzurum (Turkey) with us, and we look forward to hearing about your travels. Safe travels and happy exploring!